Mitochondrial Peptides — Research Database

SS-31

SS-31 (Elamipretide) is a synthetic aromatic-cationic tetrapeptide designed specifically to target and protect mitochondria. Its structure enables rapid penetra...

Currently in clinical trials for heart failure (PRIMETIME study), primary mitoch

MOTS-c

MOTS-c is a 16-amino acid mitochondrial-derived peptide (MDP) encoded by a short open reading frame within the 12S rRNA gene of mitochondrial DNA. It is one of ...

Preclinical data primarily in mice and cell culture. Growing human observational

Humanin

Humanin is a 21-amino acid mitochondrial-derived peptide (MDP) encoded by the 16S rRNA region of mitochondrial DNA. It was the first MDP discovered, originally ...

Preclinical (cell culture, C. elegans, rodents). Human observational studies sho

5-Amino-1MQ

5-Amino-1MQ is a small-molecule methylquinolinium derivative that functions as a selective inhibitor of nicotinamide N-methyltransferase (NNMT), an enzyme that ...

Preclinical only (cell culture and mouse models). Growing clinical interest. No

NAD+ Peptide Complex

While NAD+ (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide) is technically a coenzyme rather than a peptide, it is a central component of peptide therapy protocols targeting...

IV NAD+ therapy widely used in wellness clinics. NMN/NR oral supplements have Ph

SHuffle Peptide (Elamipretide Context)

The Szeto-Schiller (SS) peptide class, developed by Hazel Szeto and Peter Schiller, represents a family of cell-permeable, mitochondria-targeted aromatic-cation...

SS-31 (elamipretide): Phase II/III clinical trials for heart failure and Barth s

Mitochondrial