Weight Loss & Metabolic
Peptides studied for fat oxidation, appetite regulation, insulin sensitivity, and body composition.
35 peptides in this category
Tesamorelin
Tesamorelin is a synthetic stabilized analog of GHRH composed of the full 44-amino acid sequence of GHRH, conjugated with a trans-3-hexenoic acid modification t...
FDA-approved (Egrifta) for HIV-associated lipodystrophy. Active research ongoingAOD-9604
AOD-9604 is a modified peptide fragment corresponding to amino acids 176-191 from the C-terminal region of human growth hormone, with a stabilizing tyrosine mod...
Has completed Phase I/II human safety trials with acceptable tolerability. InconFragment 176-191
Fragment 176-191 refers to the unmodified C-terminal peptide fragment of human growth hormone spanning amino acids 176-191. It is the precursor compound from wh...
Primarily preclinical data. Less studied than AOD-9604. Research-grade compoundKisspeptin
Kisspeptin refers to a family of peptides (KP-54, KP-14, KP-13, KP-10) encoded by the KISS1 gene, which are essential regulators of the hypothalamic-pituitary-g...
Active Phase II clinical trials for infertility and reproductive disorders. A syFollistatin-344
Follistatin-344 is a 344-amino acid isoform of the native glycoprotein follistatin, engineered for targeted research applications. Follistatin is a potent endog...
Active clinical trials as gene therapy (AAV1-FS344) for neuromuscular diseases iMOTS-c
MOTS-c is a 16-amino acid mitochondrial-derived peptide (MDP) encoded by a short open reading frame within the 12S rRNA gene of mitochondrial DNA. It is one of ...
Preclinical data primarily in mice and cell culture. Growing human observational5-Amino-1MQ
5-Amino-1MQ is a small-molecule methylquinolinium derivative that functions as a selective inhibitor of nicotinamide N-methyltransferase (NNMT), an enzyme that ...
Preclinical only (cell culture and mouse models). Growing clinical interest. NoSemaglutide
Semaglutide is an FDA-approved synthetic 31-amino acid analog of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), modified with a C18 fatty acid chain via a linker to albumin f...
FDA-approved for T2D, obesity, and cardiovascular risk reduction. Active researcTirzepatide
Tirzepatide is an FDA-approved first-in-class dual GIP/GLP-1 receptor agonist peptide that simultaneously activates both glucose-dependent insulinotropic polype...
FDA-approved (2022 T2D, 2023 obesity). Active Phase III research in NASH, heartRetatrutide
Retatrutide is an investigational first-in-class triple agonist targeting GLP-1, GIP, and glucagon receptors simultaneously. Developed by Eli Lilly, it has demo...
Phase III trials ongoing (7 additional Phase III readouts expected in 2026). NotLiraglutide
Liraglutide is an FDA-approved GLP-1 receptor agonist peptide with 97% structural homology to human GLP-1, modified with a fatty acid side chain enabling self-a...
FDA-approved (2010 T2D, 2014 obesity). Extensive post-marketing safety data. PriCagrilintide
Cagrilintide is a long-acting acylated amylin analog developed by Novo Nordisk. Amylin is a 37-amino acid peptide co-secreted with insulin from pancreatic beta ...
Phase III clinical trials ongoing (CagriSema for obesity and T2D). Phase II dataPramlintide
Pramlintide (brand name Symlin) is a synthetic 37-amino acid analog of human amylin with three proline substitutions that prevent the spontaneous aggregation an...
FDA-approved 2005 for T1D and T2D as insulin adjunct. Long-term safety data avaiGlucagon
Glucagon is a 29-amino acid pancreatic peptide hormone secreted by alpha cells of the islets of Langerhans in response to hypoglycemia. Its primary function is ...
FDA-approved for emergency hypoglycemia (1960). GCGR agonism as a component of cInsulin (Endogenous Peptide)
Insulin is a 51-amino acid peptide hormone produced by pancreatic beta cells, consisting of an A-chain (21 AA) and B-chain (30 AA) connected by two disulfide bo...
FDA-approved since 1982 (recombinant human insulin). Multiple analog formulationGhrelin
Ghrelin is a 28-amino acid acylated peptide hormone produced primarily by X/A-like cells of the gastric fundus. It is the endogenous ligand for the growth hormo...
Characterized 1999 (Kojima et al.). Not used therapeutically as exogenous ghreliCholecystokinin (CCK)
Cholecystokinin (CCK) is a peptide hormone found in multiple forms (CCK-8, CCK-33, CCK-58) secreted by enteroendocrine I-cells of the duodenum and jejunum in re...
Extensively characterized endogenous peptide. CCK analogs and CCK-1R agonists unPYY (Peptide YY)
Peptide YY (PYY) is a 36-amino acid gut peptide released from L-cells of the distal intestine and colon in proportion to caloric intake. The truncated form PYY(...
Endogenous peptide: extensively characterized. PYY(3-36) intranasal (NN9748): PhExendin-4 (Exenatide)
Exendin-4 is a 39-amino acid peptide originally isolated from the venom of the Gila monster lizard (Heloderma suspectum) that shares 53% sequence homology with ...
FDA-approved 2005 (Byetta, twice-daily). Extended-release formulation Bydureon (Survodutide
Survodutide (BI 456906) is an investigational dual agonist of GLP-1 (glucagon-like peptide-1) and glucagon receptors, developed by Boehringer Ingelheim. Unlike ...
Phase II trials completed for obesity and NASH (2023-2024). Phase III trials iniCardarine (GW-501516)
Cardarine (GW-501516) is a PPARδ (peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta) agonist, not a SARM in the strict sense, but it is commonly grouped with SAR...
Clinical development discontinued by GSK in 2007 due to carcinogenicity in rodenBRP (BRINP2-Related Peptide)
BRP (BRINP2-Related Peptide) is a naturally occurring 12-amino acid peptide discovered in 2025 by Stanford researchers led by Dr. Katrin Svensson using an AI al...
Research ongoingAmycretin
Amycretin is a novel, unimolecular long-acting dual agonist of both the GLP-1 and amylin receptors, developed by Novo Nordisk as a next-generation obesity and t...
Research ongoingOrforglipron
Orforglipron (brand name Foundayo, formerly LY3502970) is a first-in-class oral, non-peptide, small-molecule GLP-1 receptor agonist developed by Eli Lilly (orig...
Research ongoingMariTide (maridebart cafraglutide)
MariTide (maridebart cafraglutide, formerly AMG 133) is a novel bispecific antibody-peptide conjugate developed by Amgen, engineered to simultaneously antagoniz...
Research ongoingPemvidutide
Pemvidutide (ALT-801) is a once-weekly, balanced 1:1 GLP-1/glucagon dual receptor agonist developed by Altimmune, Inc. (Nasdaq: ALT), distinguished by its equal...
Research ongoingMazdutide
Mazdutide (IBI362, marketed as Xinermei in China) is the world's first approved dual glucagon (GCG)/GLP-1 receptor agonist, developed by Innovent Biologics unde...
Research ongoingCagriSema
CagriSema is an investigational fixed-dose combination of two distinct obesity medications in a single once-weekly subcutaneous injection: cagrilintide 2.4 mg (...
Research ongoingDulaglutide
Dulaglutide is a long-acting glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonist marketed by Eli Lilly under the brand name Trulicity. Approved by the FDA in Septe...
FDA-approved 2014 for T2D, label expanded 2020 to include MACE reduction. ActiveAvexitide
Avexitide is an investigational, first-in-class glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor antagonist derived from exendin(9-39), a 31-amino-acid truncated fragme...
Investigational. Phase 3 LUCIDITY trial enrollment complete (March 2026); toplinEB618 (Oral Oxyntomodulin Tablet)
EB618 is an oral tablet formulation of oxyntomodulin (OXM) being developed by Entera Bio for metabolic and fibrotic conditions, including obesity, type 2 diabet...
Preclinical. NHP pharmacokinetic data submitted to ENDO 2026.GEP-44 (Chimeric GLP-1/Y1/Y2 Multi-Agonist)
GEP-44 is a 44-amino-acid chimeric peptide developed in the laboratory of Robert Doyle at Syracuse University, in collaboration with the Blevins/Roth groups at ...
Preclinical. Published rodent and shrew efficacy and mechanism data from 2021–20HL4 (Macrocyclic Insulin Receptor Agonist)
HL4 is a 19-residue cyclic peptide that activates the human insulin receptor (IR) on intact cells. It was reported on March 12, 2026 in Angewandte Chemie Intern...
Preclinical, cell-based only. The published work characterizes binding, activatiDanuglipron (Pfizer Discontinued Oral GLP-1)
Danuglipron is a non-peptide small-molecule GLP-1 receptor agonist that Pfizer advanced through clinical development for obesity and type 2 diabetes before disc...
Development discontinued by Pfizer in April 2025 after a hepatic adverse event iDA-1726
DA-1726 is an investigational oxyntomodulin-analogue peptide developed by MetaVia Inc. (Nasdaq: MTVA) as a once-weekly subcutaneous dual agonist at the glucagon...
Phase 1 active. Phase 1 Part 3a/3b titration studies ongoing as of May 2026; lon