BPC-157

BPC-157 is a synthetic 15-amino acid peptide derived from a naturally occurring protective protein isolated from human gastric juice. Originally characterized b...

Extensive preclinical (in vitro and rodent in vivo) data. Multiple Phase I/II cl

Selank

Selank is a synthetic heptapeptide developed by the Institute of Molecular Genetics of the Russian Academy of Sciences. It is based on a fragment of immunoglobu...

Registered as a drug in Russia. Extensive Russian clinical and preclinical liter

Semax

Semax is a synthetic heptapeptide derived from a fragment of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH 4-7) with an added Pro-Gly-Pro stabilizing tripeptide. Developed ...

Registered pharmaceutical in Russia. Extensive preclinical and Russian clinical

Dihexa

Dihexa is a synthetic small peptide derived from angiotensin IV, developed at Washington State University as a hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) mimetic. It has de...

Preclinical data only (rodent models). Potent but no human clinical trials publi

Cerebrolysin

Cerebrolysin is a lipid-free neuropeptide preparation produced by standardized enzymatic breakdown of purified porcine brain proteins. The resulting mixture of ...

Approved drug in multiple countries (Europe, Asia) for stroke, TBI, dementia. No

P21

P21 (also called P021) is a synthetic tetrapeptide derived from the CNTF (ciliary neurotrophic factor) binding interface and designed to mimic neurotrophic sign...

Preclinical data primarily in cell culture and rodent models. Research ongoing a

Davunetide

Davunetide (NAP, NAPVSIPQ) is an 8-amino acid neuroprotective peptide derived from the activity-dependent neuroprotective protein (ADNP). It was first identifie...

Phase II clinical trials completed for schizophrenia and PSP (progressive supran

FGL

FGL is a 15-amino acid peptide synthesized from the interconnecting loop region of the second fibronectin type III module in the extracellular domain of the neu...

Phase I clinical trial completed for safety and pharmacokinetics. In clinical de

Pinealon

Pinealon is a synthetic tripeptide bioregulator (Glu-Asp-Arg) classified as a cytogen — a peptide that directly interacts with DNA to modulate gene expression r...

Preclinical and Russian clinical research. Developed by Khavinson's group in St.

Cortagen

Cortagen is a synthetic tetrapeptide (Ala-Glu-Asp-Pro) bioregulator developed by Professor Vladimir Khavinson based on amino acid analysis of cortexin, a polype...

Russian preclinical research primarily. Khavinson peptide family. Not FDA-approv

Oxytocin

Oxytocin is a 9-amino acid cyclic neuropeptide synthesized in the hypothalamus and released from the posterior pituitary. Colloquially known as the 'love hormon...

FDA-approved for obstetric use (Pitocin). Intranasal form under active Phase II/

Cerebrolysin Peptide Fraction

Individual peptide fractions within Cerebrolysin preparation include components that mimic BDNF, GDNF, NGF, and CNTF activity. Research has identified specific ...

Research context primarily. Understanding of Cerebrolysin fractions guides pepti

PACAP (Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase-Activating Polypeptide)

PACAP is a 38-amino acid neuropeptide (with a shorter 27 AA form) belonging to the secretin/glucagon/VIP superfamily. It is one of the most potent known neuropr...

Extensive preclinical data. PAC1 receptor variants associated with PTSD suscepti

Noopept

Noopept (GVS-111) is a synthetic dipeptide-derived nootropic compound that acts as a prodrug for cycloprolylglycine (CPG), an endogenous neuropeptide that modul...

Approved prescription medication in Russia for cognitive disorders. Research che

Dihexa

Dihexa (PNB-0408) is a small hexapeptide derived from angiotensin IV that exhibits extraordinarily potent synaptogenic activity—reportedly 10 million times more...

Preclinical only. Human pharmacokinetics and safety not yet formally established

NAP (Davunetide) Extended Notes

NAP (NAPVSIPQ) represents a critical bridge between VIP-based neuroprotection and practical clinical peptide therapeutics. The discovery that a single 8-amino a...

Phase II/III clinical trials completed for PSP (2012). Phase II for schizophreni

Cholecystokinin (CCK)

Cholecystokinin (CCK) is a peptide hormone found in multiple forms (CCK-8, CCK-33, CCK-58) secreted by enteroendocrine I-cells of the duodenum and jejunum in re...

Extensively characterized endogenous peptide. CCK analogs and CCK-1R agonists un

PE-22-28

PE-22-28 is a synthetic pentapeptide analog of spadin, a naturally occurring peptide derived from the pro-region of the NTSR3/sortilin receptor. Spadin was iden...

Preclinical only (in vitro and rodent models). No human clinical trials yet comp