Healing & Recovery
Peptides studied for tissue repair, wound healing, gut protection, and accelerated recovery from injury.
30 peptides in this category
BPC-157
BPC-157 is a synthetic 15-amino acid peptide derived from a naturally occurring protective protein isolated from human gastric juice. Originally characterized b...
Extensive preclinical (in vitro and rodent in vivo) data. Multiple Phase I/II clTB-500
TB-500 is a synthetic heptapeptide corresponding to the N-acetylated active fragment (amino acids 17–23) of the endogenous 43-amino acid signaling protein thymo...
Extensive animal model data. TB-500 is classified as a prohibited substance by WGHRP-6
GHRP-6 was one of the first synthetic growth hormone secretagogues discovered, derived from the structure of the endogenous opioid peptide met-enkephalin. It is...
Well-established in preclinical research. Not FDA-approved. Widely used as a resHexarelin
Hexarelin is a synthetic hexapeptide member of the GHRP family with potent GH-releasing activity. It is unique among GHRPs for its demonstrated direct cardiovas...
Extensive preclinical data particularly for cardiovascular applications. Phase IGHK-Cu
GHK-Cu is a naturally occurring tripeptide copper complex (glycyl-L-histidyl-L-lysine) first identified in human plasma in the 1970s. It functions as one of the...
Extensive preclinical and clinical dermatological data. Multiple topical formulaFollistatin-344
Follistatin-344 is a 344-amino acid isoform of the native glycoprotein follistatin, engineered for targeted research applications. Follistatin is a potent endog...
Active clinical trials as gene therapy (AAV1-FS344) for neuromuscular diseases iIGF-1 LR3
IGF-1 LR3 (Long R3 IGF-1) is a synthetic 83-amino acid analog of human IGF-1, engineered with two modifications: a 13-amino acid N-terminal extension and a glut...
Widely used as a research tool in muscle biology. Not FDA-approved. Banned by WAMGF
Mechano Growth Factor (MGF) is a splice variant of IGF-1 (the IGF-1Ec isoform in humans, IGF-1Eb in rodents) produced in skeletal muscle in response to mechanic...
Research tool used extensively in muscle biology. PEG-MGF adds stability for inSS-31
SS-31 (Elamipretide) is a synthetic aromatic-cationic tetrapeptide designed specifically to target and protect mitochondria. Its structure enables rapid penetra...
Currently in clinical trials for heart failure (PRIMETIME study), primary mitochLL-37
LL-37 is a 37-amino acid cationic antimicrobial peptide (AMP), the only known member of the cathelicidin family in humans. It is generated by proteolytic cleava...
Extensive preclinical research. Some clinical exploration for wound healing andOctreotide
Octreotide is a synthetic octapeptide analog of somatostatin with markedly extended half-life (~2 hours IV vs 1-3 minutes for native somatostatin). FDA-approved...
Well-established FDA-approved drug. Extensive clinical literature across multiplKPV
KPV (Lys-Pro-Val) is the C-terminal active tripeptide fragment of alpha-melanocyte stimulating hormone (α-MSH). It retains the anti-inflammatory and cytoprotect...
Preclinical data primarily. Research phase for IBD and wound healing. No FDA-appSomatostatin
Somatostatin is a naturally occurring cyclic 14-amino acid neuropeptide (with an alternate 28-amino acid form) produced in the hypothalamus, pancreas, and gastr...
Parent compound of a major therapeutic drug class. Somatostatin itself is used sKPV
KPV is a tripeptide (Lys-Pro-Val) representing the C-terminal three amino acids of alpha-melanocyte stimulating hormone (α-MSH). It retains the anti-inflammator...
Preclinical. Colitis animal models show oral nanoparticle efficacy. No human triCopper Peptide GHK
GHK (Glycyl-L-histidyl-L-lysine) is the copper-free form of the GHK-Cu complex naturally present in human plasma, saliva, and urine. Serum levels decline dramat...
Extensive in vitro and animal data. Human cosmeceutical studies show skin improvBPC-157 + TB-500 Stack
The BPC-157 + TB-500 combination, sometimes called the 'Wolverine Stack,' is one of the most studied and widely referenced peptide synergy protocols in the rese...
Each compound individually: preclinical (rodent studies). Combination: primarilyThymosin Beta-4 Fragment (Ac-SDKP)
Ac-SDKP (N-acetyl-seryl-aspartyl-lysyl-proline) is a naturally occurring tetrapeptide released from thymosin beta-4 by prolyl oligopeptidase and ACE2 cleavage. ...
Preclinical and Phase I/II clinical data for myeloprotection. Antifibrotic effecBNP (Brain Natriuretic Peptide) / Nesiritide
Brain Natriuretic Peptide (BNP) is a 32-amino acid cardiac-derived natriuretic peptide produced primarily by ventricular cardiomyocytes in response to increased...
FDA-approved 2001 (Nesiritide/Natrecor) for acute decompensated heart failure. LANP (Atrial Natriuretic Peptide)
Atrial Natriuretic Peptide (ANP) is a 28-amino acid peptide hormone released from cardiac atria in response to increased atrial pressure and volume overload. As...
ANP itself: research tool and endogenous biomarker. Carperitide (recombinant ANPThyroid-Stimulating Hormone (TSH) Peptides
Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH/thyrotropin) is a 92 kDa glycoprotein pituitary hormone, but specific peptide fragments derived from its sequences have been st...
Research context. Full-length recombinant TSH (Thyrogen) is FDA-approved. TSH peDesmopressin (DDAVP)
Desmopressin (DDAVP) is a synthetic analog of arginine vasopressin (antidiuretic hormone, ADH) with two structural modifications: deamination of the N-terminal ...
FDA-approved in multiple formulations since 1978. Multiple indications across enTerlipressin
Terlipressin is a synthetic vasopressin analog and prodrug designed for selective splanchnic vasoconstriction with reduced systemic vasopressor effects compared...
FDA-approved 2022 (CONFIRM trial). EMA-approved for variceal bleeding since 2000Plecanatide
Plecanatide (Trulance) is a synthetic 16-amino acid analog of uroguanylin, an endogenous gut peptide hormone that regulates intestinal fluid and electrolyte sec...
FDA-approved 2017. Well-established clinical safety and efficacy from Phase IIILinaclotide
Linaclotide (Linzess/Constella) is a 14-amino acid synthetic peptide agonist of guanylate cyclase-C (GC-C) that is structurally derived from the heat-stable ent...
FDA-approved 2012 for CIC and IBS-C. Pediatric indication added 2017. ExtensiveVasopressin (ADH)
Arginine vasopressin (AVP/ADH) is a 9-amino acid neuropeptide produced in hypothalamic paraventricular and supraoptic nuclei and released from the posterior pit...
FDA-approved vasopressor. Extensively used in critical care medicine. Multiple aParathyroid Hormone 1-34 (Teriparatide)
Teriparatide (Forteo) is a synthetic 34-amino acid N-terminal fragment of human parathyroid hormone (PTH) representing the biologically active portion of the fu...
FDA-approved 2002. Extensive Phase III and post-marketing data. Treatment limiteCalcitonin
Calcitonin is a 32-amino acid peptide hormone produced by parafollicular C-cells of the thyroid gland in response to elevated serum calcium. It acts through cal...
FDA-approved. Multiple formulations (SC, IM, intranasal). Intranasal salmon calcThymosin Beta-4 Sulfoxide (TB4-SO)
Thymosin beta-4 sulfoxide (TB4-SO) is the naturally occurring oxidized form of Thymosin Beta-4 generated by methionine-6 oxidation. Unlike the reduced parent co...
Preclinical. Research tool defining TB4 oxidation product biology. Not developedAbaloparatide
Abaloparatide (Tymlos) is a 34-amino acid synthetic analog of parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP(1-34)) with modifications that confer improved selectiv...
FDA-approved 2017. Phase III ACTIVE trial data established efficacy. Post-marketBivalirudin
Bivalirudin (Angiomax) is a synthetic 20-amino acid bivalent direct thrombin inhibitor derived from hirudin, the natural anticoagulant peptide produced by the m...
FDA-approved 2000 for PCI and ACS. Extensively used in interventional cardiology