ANP (Atrial Natriuretic Peptide)

Also known as: Atrial Natriuretic Factor, ANF, Carperitide, Atriopeptin

Healing & RecoveryPain & Inflammation

Overview

Atrial Natriuretic Peptide (ANP) is a 28-amino acid peptide hormone released from cardiac atria in response to increased atrial pressure and volume overload. As the first natriuretic peptide identified (1981 by de Bold et al.), ANP established the concept of the heart as an endocrine organ. Carperitide, the synthetic recombinant ANP, is approved and widely used in Japan for acute heart failure, where it has accumulated substantial clinical evidence. ANP also has roles in regulating lipolysis, reducing inflammation, and suppressing the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system.

Mechanism of Action

ANP binds natriuretic peptide receptor A (NPR-A) on vascular endothelial and smooth muscle cells, renal tubules, and adrenal gland, generating cGMP via guanylyl cyclase activity. cGMP-PKG signaling produces vasodilation, inhibits aldosterone and renin release, increases renal sodium and water excretion (natriuresis), and reduces sympathetic nervous system tone. In adipocytes, ANP activates PKA/HSL-mediated lipolysis via NPR-A and also through cGMP cross-activation of PKA. ANP is cleared primarily by NPR-C (clearance receptor) and neprilysin enzymatic degradation.

Potential Benefits

  • Acute cardiac preload/afterload reduction
  • Natriuresis and diuresis in heart failure
  • Suppression of aldosterone and renin release
  • Anti-fibrotic and anti-hypertrophic cardiac effects
  • Adipocyte lipolysis stimulation
  • Established therapeutic in Japan (Carperitide)

Research Dosage Notes

The following reflects doses used in published research studies. This is not medical advice.

Carperitide (Japan): 0.05–0.1 mcg/kg/min IV infusion for acute heart failure. US use: research context.

Amino Acid Sequence

Ser-Leu-Arg-Arg-Ser-Ser-Cys-Phe-Gly-Gly-Arg-Met-Asp-Arg-Ile-Gly-Ala-Gln-Ser-Gly-Leu-Gly-Cys-Asn-Ser-Phe-Arg-Tyr (cyclic via disulfide Cys7-Cys23)

Side Effects & Safety

  • Hypotension (primary dose-limiting effect)
  • Headache
  • Compensatory renal effects with prolonged use

Synergistic Compounds

The following compounds have been studied alongside ANP (Atrial Natriuretic Peptide) for potential complementary or synergistic effects:

BNP (Nesiritide)Neprilysin inhibitors (sacubitril)Loop diuretics

Learn More

Beginner's GuideNew to peptides? Start hereStacking GuideSynergistic combinationsAdministration RoutesSubQ, IM, oral, nasal & moreReconstitution CalculatorCalculate exact dosingPeptides vs SARMsFull comparisonHow Peptides Are MadeSPPS, purification & QC

References & Further Reading

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